Public Police and Private Security

The public police industry has never had a close relationship with the private security profession. Public police officers have typically viewed private security as â€Å"law enforcement wanna-bes† (p. 247, Clifford, 2004). Private security is viewed this way because the training requirements are different and in many ways less extensive than what is required of public police officers (Australian Institute of Criminology, 1998). This has been a controversial issue in the past but in recent years has been changing for the better.Private and public security agencies have begun to bridge the gaps between the two industries. Private security professionals have been given a bad reputation in the past because of the many abuses of power and the misunderstandings of the main goals of private security. Take for example, Allan Pinkerton started his own security firm in the 1800s and was not very well liked by many for the program he devised to protect railroad companies from internal t hreats (Clifford, 2004). Many people thought he and his company were out to get them which brought about negative feelings toward him.This very same feeling that security companies are out to get people is still alive today and some security professionals are even less respected today. Many people view private security in a negative light because they believe them to be minimum wage help and uneducated. This feeling toward private security has led to stereotypes in which they are called â€Å"Rent-a-Cops† and other derogatory names. Currently, many individuals are working to change the negative image that is associated with private security.Police officers also have been given a bad reputation because of the actions of some people who have been on-the-job in the past. Many law suits and uprisings have been a result of the American people’s inability to trust and their dislike of police officers. However, like the security industry, they too, are working to make the ind ustry more professional and regain the trust of the people. There has been an increase in the training as well as the policies and procedure which police officers must follow while performing their duties in order to protect the communities and the constitutional rights of each individual.The two industries have made few attempts to integrate in the past but this fact is changing (Gunter & Kidwell, 2004). There has been a shift toward increasing public and private security cooperation and abilities to work together in recent years which has been increasing the level of safety that both industries have been able to provide. The private security industry has almost unlimited funding has made available resources for new technology which it has begun to share with law enforcement to increase the efficiency of both operations.One example is Bank of America and their security professionals working with government agencies to provide information and resources regarding identity theft inclu ding strategies and training to detect and prevent this crime from happening (White, 2008). Another example, Target has built its own crime labs in an effort to thwart crime against their company which have also made available to local police agencies to aid in the investigation of crime (International Association of Chiefs of Police, 2012).These cooperative efforts are helping to prevent crime as well as bringing the two industries together for a common goal. Public and private policing agencies, however, have different objectives and liabilities in mind with respect to their duties (Li, 2009). Public policing has the safety and security of the public and property in an entire jurisdiction in mind (Li, 2009). They are not focused on just one property in general but all properties and individuals in that particular jurisdiction.Private security on the other hand, is only concerned with the property or area they contracted to protect. The often look out for the interests of the peopl e or businesses that employ them and must remain profitable businesses themselves (Clifford, 2004). Public police are employed by the government and must uphold the Constitution and funding is done with taxpayer money. They have many restrictions which have been derived from the Constitution and they must strictly adhere to the document (Clifford, 2004).Private security companies are not governed by the constitution and are afforded more freedoms when it comes to their policies and procedures (Clifford, 2004). Also, the personnel who employed by the private security industry are not nearly as liable for their actions as public police officers. Public police officers can actually be sued directly for violations of an individual’s constitutional rights. These differences and others have been the differences that have divided the public and private security industry for years. A good cooperative relationship is what the public and private security industry needs.I believe this m ay begin to be achieved by more government regulation on private security companies as far as employee training and education. Many private security firms do not pay their employees well, they do not train them well, and they hire low class individuals. This must stop if the two industries will ever fully be cooperative. Likewise, public policing agencies must work toward involving private security companies in the safety of the community on a regular basis. More interaction between both industries will help develop a relationship of mutual respect between officers and agencies.

Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods Essay

As the manager of Lakeview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center, we are now going to propose a new addition to our facility, we would like to propose a new addition of long term care services as well as the short term care services that we are providing know on the inpatient and outpatient basis. The future of the growth of this company, deeply on this new addition to our facility. We will be in need of new experienced workers for areas like therapy, doctors, nurses and counselors that will work with the patients and their families. Communication, will have to be our number one factor to finding the right persons for the jobs, and the growth within the community as well. Our communication should be easy to understand and accurate. Effective communication is important and we should all be on the same page. Leadership should involve good communication, and they should be walking around talking to employees, this way you will see what their skills are in this field and will improve the gro wth internally and externally. Effective internal communication should start with having good listening skills, questioning skills as well as feedback. Sharing information with the staff is a good effective communication.   When it comes to internal relationship in the health care setting, the most important person is the patient the one who has the needs that we need to make sure they get. The main reason behind this is because acquisition integration has led to more rigorous examination of support services. There is also a higher expectation of customer service that we will experience as consumers. The external relationships that must be considered in the creation of this long term care are: state, local and the federal  government. Each of these have their own regulations that we need to know and follow. You should also be aware of the consumer advocacy program as well, to make sure that the consumer is getting the best care possible. We also need to make sure that the proper training and hiring is done as well, with all this being said this is my proposal of the new addition to the facility.

Philosophy of life Essay

In the process of growing up, I have learned that there are an infinite ways to look at how you want to live life and how others live it. When I was young I allowed for my parents to control and greatly influence my beliefs and throughout the years I even allowed my friends to do so as well. Now that I am older I have very different views of life and am only influenced by one source. I’m sure that just like me others around the world also believe the same thing. Nowadays people can even get a degree in philosophy and interpret many ways on how humans should interpret the way we live and life itself and how it came about. Regarding what I have mentioned above, I think that now as a grown up I have lived many experiences in order to form my own philosophy of life. About 3 years ago I was introduced to the Seventh Day Adventist Church. I did research on everything I was being told and history itself proved the bible’s words to be true. I learned many things from the bible and I believe they have made me a better person because of the guidance it has taught me. I strongly believe that most of what is taught by the SDA church I can trust and apply it to my life. Most of it comes the word of God and that is why I feel I can trust it. God is the main source of the philosophy of life I have. The main thing I take from God is his commandments. I base the 10 main commandments he has given this world to my life every single day. I live by them and I like that they always help me out in feeling good about myself and just being good. In my life I have always felt the desire of spiritual growth but I could never find it especially not while I was in a church where the truth was hidden. Finally when I learned about God the way the SDA church taught it I knew I was ready to begin my spiritual growth. see more:personal philosophy of life I feel that by taking the values presented to me by God, I can be sure to live by them every single day of my life until I die. Many things have become clear to me and I’m not scared of what lies ahead in the future for me. I have learned to respect all cultures, religions, and beliefs. Although I may not accept them to be completely and entirely true, just as they would to me, I know that because of my own beliefs they also have the right to be free and believe what they want. I think free will is one of the main aspects of this philosophy and I analyze it every day I live by viewing the people around me. Since the beginning of time people have always had a choice whether to things one way or the other way. Even though there have been people trying to control that freedom, there could have been ways to prevent it merely by just choosing to go against them. I think that by understanding free will is why I am able to cope with others and be able to relate to them much more. Now that I go to a very diverse university I have realized that it is not so hard to live in harmony. I am okay with all these cultures and backgrounds that are found here at the university. Many of my friends here at Cal State are Muslim and follow Islam, a religion very different from mine and yet very similar in some ways. My Muslim friends have seen the way I view on how to live and before they knew I was a Christian believer, they assumed I was Muslim because of the way I lived my life. I think that because I base my life to live it the way God put it down to me is the philosophy most religions also want to follow. I’m glad that people can relate it to them and actually think my philosophy of life is very similar to them. Even though I don’t base my philosophical views on the peers around me I still feel I can easily relate to them. My values are solely based of God’s word and I do not mind the people who think I am obscured for doing that. This goes back to the concept of free will, they can either choose to accept it for good reasons or reject it for bad reasons. The future that I want with this philosophy is so that I can create a peaceful environment for me and those who also value the same philosophical views as me. So far I think I have been able to accomplish that with the peers around me. My friends also notice that because of my views I am able to be a better person. I think that this is the most important thing I could ever accomplish. With the believe that every person is prone to do evil in this world, being able to show people that I am a good person is amazing. The reason that I live a very good life right now encourages me to share the same philosophy to those of my friends who do not follow it. I understand that they can reject it and not want to even consider it. It is a tough thing to do but because we are all free to choose how to live our lives I am just satisfied that I can share the way I can live my life. I thank God every day for giving me the opportunity to live the way he wanted me to live. Every day that I live this way, I am sure that I am pleasing the only important being in my life which is God and is the one who gave it to me. God is the only important subject in my life and I wouldn’t want that to change at all. I love the way I live life and although I am not sure how long I will live, until its end I wish to live it this way. My philosophy of life lies within in the commandments of God and no one can ever change that, no matter how hard they try.

Supply Chain Management and the Seafood Industry Research Paper

Supply Chain Management and the Seafood Industry - Research Paper Example This globalization has the effect of causing the corporate world to lend greater importance to supply chain management. A fish and seafood supply chain can be described as a set of fishers, agents, processors, distributors, and wholesalers/retailers/food services who together. Action taken on any level will have an effect on the others. Literature Review The retail seafood sector has experienced steady sales gains over the last five years. Rising seafood prices and greater merchandising challenges face the seafood sector as the recession eases and the population becomes more open to dining out. Manufacturers are designing items with unique, new, and innovative flavor profiles, aimed at the consumers seeking both convenience and cost. Literature is also suggesting that retailers focus strongly on in-store marketing and strategies to generate and retain loyal customers. Seasonal items should be appropriately merchandized and cross merchandizing should not be neglected. 2010 fish and se afood sales revenue reached 15.8 billion with a forecasted growth rate of 4.7% over the next five years and sales likely to reach 20 billion dollars (Mitchell, p 8). The Role of Supply Chains in the Global Seafood Crisis Consumption Issues Health/Sanity Risks Brand Image Risks Scarcity/Irregular Quality Business Loss Price Increase Increased Fish Consumption Changes of Diet Preferences; Fish Preferences Health Issues Global North Urbanization: Higher per Capital Consumption Higher Levels in Global North Rising Income Levels in Global South Meat Crisis-Shift of Consumption (Vallejo, p16). Recommendations Analysis shows that a major failure of supply chain management is the lack of traceability. To maintain sustainability supply chains need to function well and information has to flow from end to end. On a more refined level this would translate into consumers being able to make decisions that consider the sustainability of stock and also social and environmental conditions. Implement ation of traceability systems will also help to meet the ever increasing and tightening requirements regarding health and safety for food. This could possibly lead to smaller producers being excluded from International markets. The sophistication of consumers in quickly emerging economies is growing along with regional ones as well. Sustainable fisheries must depend on reducing fishing efforts and developing and implementing traceability mechanisms. In 2006 mega-giant Wal-Mart announced its’ goal to carry 100% MSC certified seafood in their stores by the end of last year. This presented a significant target to competing seafood chains and chain management if they wanted to maintain pace with competitors. Wal-Mart is the only one of 129 North American businesses that sells MSC certified products. This has created a demand in the market for suppliers to meet in supplying retail and restaurant markets with certified seafood which is a huge recommendation in today’s global environment. Conclusion The food service sector is very aware of the sustainability issues in the fish and seafood sector. Many have developed policies towards using sustainable sourcing and are focus on chain management theories in order to implement these policies in the best manner. Many are not predisposed to openly sharing information about their policies or the

Loss Aversion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Loss Aversion - Research Paper Example This is evident in trying to explain loss aversion since its explanation is only one sided ignoring the loss-gain explanation aspect of this aspect (McGraw, Peter, Jeff, Daniel and David, 1440). Loss aversion patterns observed in the past periods makes it clear that when a loss and a gain of equal magnitude are compared and an assessment made, losses are realized to impact more on making choices than gains of the same magnitude would do. This is because a loss as it occurs is felt in the very short instances with great influence and severity as compared to if the same amounts of gains occurred. This asymmetry is mostly driven by thoughts and feelings that losses should inflict more pain than would gains of the same or slightly higher magnitude would bring joy and pleasure to the individuals (Harinck, Fieke, Eric, Ilja Van and Paul, 1099-1100). Some form of bias have been witnessed in the observations made since the loss aversion form of impact is mostly felt on non-monetary circumsta nces with the asymmetry not completely detected on monetary situations. This has been proved from several previous studies on monetary gains and losses such as that on mixed gambles assessed on bipolar scales. Support for loss aversion According to the previous discussions, loss aversion happens when people think and expect that losses have greater impacts when compared to the same gain magnitude. This version of the case has been proved by two studies; initially, it was proved that losses that were witnessed from a gamble resulted into greater impacts in feelings than those for gains; this might have been because the expectation may have been quite high. From the studies, it is highly acknowledged that the hedonic impact of losses is higher than corresponding gains. This is proved because negative aspects are processed severally in the different parts for the brains than the processing of positive acts, this highly raises psychological feelings due to increased neural activity. In decision making research, there are constructs of loss aversion that have been used in giving explanation to the effects detected such as endowment and status quo reports. The other effect that this form of act tends to explain is the framing effect that is developed for negotiations in the formation of coalitions (Harinck, Fieke, Eric, Ilja Van and Paul, 1100). . Reasons against loss aversion Despite the application of Loss Aversion having been proved, they may be irrelevant at times. From research, it is found that supporters of loss aversion highly exaggerate the situation. It is clear that negative outcomes are painful when they inflict any individual but it has been witnessed in the past that individual exaggerate the degree of the impact which even propels the inflicted to prolong the period of the feeling. The form of bias exhibited above has been witnessed and recorded through valid proofs in a diverse field of study where people tend to normally exaggerate their negative fe elings about negative occurrences (Kermer, Deborah, Erin, Timothy and Daniel, 651). In the past individuals have also failed to gauge how much they are able

The Film Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Film Critique - Essay Example The commercial was in the form of a video, this makes it easy to capture the attention of the target audience. People are more likely to watch moving images than any other form of media. The content of the commercial is also limited as it only involves one character. This gives the commercial a sense of mystery as we try to understand how this central character will relate to their environment. In the commercial, the central character is seated and manages to defy gravity. The end result is that the character floats throughout the commercial. The context of this commercial is that everything is possible for the users of this network as the commercial ends with the name of the brand, Movistar. The peak hour for this clip is when the cinema halls are busy and fully occupied by people. The hall usually gets full when the clip is played. This implies that it gains more popularity due to its target The directors used in this commercial have a history of coming up with such commercials. Their work usually involves very few characters and it is these that are used to convey the message about the product to the consumer. The intention of this commercial is to portray a scenario which is impossible to achieve, in this case, floating above the ground. This makes the viewers’ wonder how this is possible. At the end of this phase, the name of the brand appears on the screen. This creates a link between the brand and the floating character. It shows that the product has limitless capabilities and it can enable them do a wide range of things that were previously not possible (Plunkett, 2008). All these things can be made possible due to the Movistar 4G networks. However, my perception of the commercial differs from the company’s perception. As a viewer, the commercial is dull and does little to capture the attention. It is therefore very difficult to match the two items, the mobile network and the floating character

Fiction Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fiction Analysis - Essay Example In the very time, she takes the opportunity to go out and to her surprise she meets her husband contrary to the news the sister had delivered to her a short while. The experience led to her collapse and eventual death. This short story begins with who apparently is the main character in the story and the sister to the woman described in the story. She is referred to as sister of Louise; the woman on the other side is referred to as Josephine. Josephine is depicted as a woman with great traits as kindness, nurturing, and strength. The traits attributed to Josephine in a way had been experienced by the author who in the story was raised by the mother and other nuns in Katechopin.org a catholic school (Chopin, 18). It can then be deduced that the traits in this story was part of her life initially. The author’s (Kate Chopin) father died in a railroad accident in the early days and presumably this is why the story in this book has been framed in away that thee sister fictitiously tell the accident story to the woman (Chopin, 27). Because the father died when she was young, it may have appeared to her in a dream that her father was not hurt as it really was and that he one day came home-this may have had some influence in the orientation of the story. The woman described in this story equally was widowed in her prime age and from this, she learnt on how to earn a living from writing without depending on anybody (Chopin, 32). The story did not exempt the engagement of irony and satire in which the sister to the woman, Louise made the all radical decision to be free as a woman who is entitled to herself to exhaust the experiences in life. She decides to triumph in her bid and finally lived see this happen. The hidden lesson of the story is rather hidden in the sense that even no reference is made to the historical event, it tends to communicate a

Overcoming Terrorist Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Overcoming Terrorist Issues - Essay Example Thousands of people could have been affected and even killed if the terrorists had carried out their plan. The terrorists do not plan on only using physical weapons in public places. They have also decided to use biological terrorism by sending viruses into public areas. An example comes from the office of Tom Daschle, when the noted Anthrax virus was sent out in the mail. While nobody at the office was affected by this, it does help to underline the fear of a biological agent being released into society. Biological agents have been a known means of warfare and have been in existence for some time. For example, when the Cold War was in effect, both the United States and the Soviet Union had developed means of biological warfare. One that is currently largely feared to be used by the terrorists is the concept of botulism. Botulism, which is a very harsh form of food poisoning, could be spread among the agriculture of the United States and could thus cause widespread sickness and panic in the country (Medicine, n.d.). The terrorists could easily use both large scale and small scale concepts to spread this disease if they choose to. It has been widely admitted by the United States and many doctors that work in America that the country is not prepared for any large scale attack of biological warfare (Yungher, 2008). ... Since botulism is such an ardent fear and such a horrible disease, the only way to overcome it and to avoid a widespread panic would be to develop vaccinations against it (Center for Disease Control, n.d.). Furthermore, the vaccinations would have to be readily available and inexpensive for individuals to afford. Therefore, the government will have to put up its own money in order to invest in the wellness of its people. This will be important for assisting and protecting the Americans against any kind of biological attack, or biological warfare. Botulism is one of the most marked fears when it comes to biological terrorism, but other diseases are also causes for concern. Therefore, the government should fund a program that will focus on finding remedies for agents that might be used in a case of biological warfare. This department should also make sure that enough medicine is available if a wide crisis does ensue. Preparation for this kind of panic is one of the best ways to counter -act it. If the United States does not begin to prepare, it could have a very severe issue on its hands, and its population could be easily decimated and destroyed by sickness. 2. From a Jihad perspective, justify the choice of joining the cause. Explain your reasoning for supporting it. Why would one who was a Muslim wish to join the Jihad on America What would be the reasons for joining the cause There are several reasons why this concept is attractive to many people in Islamic countries. First, the concept of Jihad fits into the perspective of the Islamic religion. While most sects of Islam that take Jihad in its full seriousness are considered radicals, it can be

Film Analysis on Badlands (1973) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Film Analysis on Badlands (1973) - Essay Example It ends with arrest of Kit while Holly receives probation (Sheen and Spacek 1). Editing The movie is edited in an appropriate and excellent manner because it is based on ancient time. This is apparent from the ancient designs of the houses presented in the movie. The clothing in the film suggests that the story happened in the mid 20th century. The film portrays crime and love as the main themes. In as much as love is a good thing, Kits and Holly’s relationship are characterized criminal activities. Holly narrates the story as it begins with her confession of ignorance on the consequences of her actions as well as Kits. The movie employs narration and flashbacks in presentation of the storyline. At the beginning, Holly confesses her ignorance and then proceeds to explain actions that led to her current state using narration. However, the story does not rely on narration alone but rather takes the audience through flashbacks highlighting activities that took place when Holly me ets Kit (Sheen and Spacek 1). The scenes follow in a successful sequence by portraying the lovable yet precarious situation of Kit and Holly. The audience loves the characters at this stage. The audience’s feelings change as they run from Holly burnt home. The editors made it appear as the expectations of the viewer slowly move from a sweet story to a thrilling encounter that is full of suspense and curiosity. The film portrays arrogant nature of Kit and his antisocial behavior. Holly’s narration uses third person as the subject. Her voice portrays her indifference after developing feelings of romance, violence, fear, hope and the ultimate fate that befalls them. Death does not seem to weigh on the conscience of the two lovers. This comes out in Holly’s passive voice as she describes her father’s reaction when he found out that she was secretly having an affair. In a voice devoid of emotions, she says, â€Å"his punishment for deceiving him: he went and shot my dog. He made me take extra music lessons every day after school, and wait there till he came to pick me up. He said if piano didn’t keep me off the streets, maybe the clarinet would† (Klein 1). She emphasizes her father’s treatment towards her and only mentions the death of the dog as a minor explanation (Klein 1). The film does not offer psychological concepts to explain the actions of the two characters. However, the film edition clearly points out the traits of the two characters. Production of the film is based on narration of Holly’s experience. The story follows the transformation of the girl’s innocence because she eventually realizes the processes in the world and law systems. Consequently, it does not explain Kit’s reasons for behaving in the manner he does. The story’s main setting is the road. Consequently, the film has various characters emerging and disappearing. The story only follows the two characters and touche s on their status at different times. Consequently, the production does not employ complex plotting (Sheen and Spacek 1) Sounds The sounds used in this film are both diegetic and non-diegetic. Diegetic sounds portray the world experienced by the characters, Kit and Holly. On the other hand, non-diegetic music allows the audience to understand the circumstances caused by the actions of the two lovers. Diegetic music entails the sounds felt by the characters while non-diegetic sounds are for the sake of the audience (Klein 1). Non-diegetic sounds emerge at

Back to reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Back to reality - Essay Example The primary focus of this paper, therefore, is to examine potential challenges that organizations may encounter while developing sourcing strategies and the issues they would need to consider developing relationships with key suppliers, and providing suggestions about how these problems might be addressed or mitigated. Background The firms in Europe and US often outsourced Asian countries with lower production cost such as china which is estimated to host over 6600 companies which have been outsourced there (Wright, 2009). As such, it is common to have a firm dealing with electronics, but it has subcontracted and outside source to handle the transport and logistics of the finished products to the market, another case can be a firm dealing with vehicles, but it only supplies the parts and subcontracts an outside source to deal with the assembling. This, however, does not come without challenges, a firms relationship with its suppliers is hence vital in promoting productivity and effec tiveness, having a third part supply resources or services that are critical in the final products of the firm requires considerable mutual trust and understanding. It is hence incumbent of any organization to apply the best and most practical sourcing strategies to meet their goals and objectives. Sourcing strategies by definition are the process an organization undertakes to ensure they have the best suppliers and they nurture the supplier relationships to maximize the value for the firm (Rendon, 2005). As such, most organizations have sourcing programs that are unique to their needs, services or the goods offered, notably while, some have deliberately puts these strategies others use them without being aware of it. Such is to say that organizations have sourcing strategy whether they know it or not, this is because owning to the nature of their business, over the year a firm will repeatedly uses the strategies that have proven successful in retrospect and by so doing will be foll owing a covert sourcing strategy. Like any other strategy, a sourcing strategy can be; â€Å"Strategic†, ergo effective, goal and objective oriented, on the other hand, depending on the competence of those managing the firm, it can be ineffective and inefficient. Naturally, each is an ideal extreme since no firm can be very efficient and neither can any firm be fully inefficient and yet continue to exist (Wheaton, 2008). As such, most strategies lie somewhere between with the best being closest to efficient and vice versa, sourcing program can either be â€Å"strategic† or meet its goals and objectives or it can be unproductive, ineffective, and poorly planned (Wheaton, 2008). Considering that the cost, quality and effectiveness of the goods or raw materials a firm is supplied with is directly reflected in its financial and operational results, it is only natural that thought and effort and time be devoted in the understanding of the various challenges that firms may e ncounter in the process and their possible solutions. Challenges and Solutions Creating Competition One of the considerations a firm needs to make before it commences any business transaction with supplies or outside sources is the potential for the supplier to become competition in posterity. This is because by taking these contracts,

The short story the lottery and conformity Essay

The short story the lottery and conformity - Essay Example Conformity is valuable to the society because cohesion and smooth running of events and processes. A person who drives on the right side of the road is a good example of definition of conformity and illustrates its benefits through safe road usage. Deciding to act against the norm by driving on the wrong side of the road will however risk the life of the actor as well as the life of other road users. In the short story, the society is deeply rooted to its Lottery tradition and even though no one compels it to commit the murder act, it chooses to stand by its tradition. Even though the specific example identifies a wrong act, murder of an innocent member of the society, the author communicates the power of conformity to tradition that can help a society to achieve its objectives. Conformity therefore promotes retention of good cultural beliefs in a society and may improve resistance from negative practices from other cultures. The city residents’ resistance to abandoning their culture and assume practices or changes in other societies demonstrates this. The author uses the black box and the lottery as symbols for illustrating this role of conformity. Even though the real box was lost and the current one is old, the villagers have chosen to stick by the two symbols and this shows the power of conformity that may facilitate a society’s theme regardless of dynamism around the society (Jackson 2- 27). Conformity is also valuable to society because it allows us to adapt to the society in a normal way and for our own good so that we might not hurt ourselves later in life. Even though The Lottery only highlights the murder ritual, there could be positive values that the tradition facilitates. The society’s reaction to the lottery also suggests that such values develop naturally and the uniformity means that an individual is less likely to be in

Importance of Matrifocal family in the caribbean Essay Example for Free

Importance of Matrifocal family in the caribbean Essay The Matrifocal family Is very prominent in the Caribbean. This is noted more as among people of Africans in the regions. Reasons for this diversity, Cultural Retention, Plantation system of slavery, SOCIO economic and the culture of property. Cultural retention, Melville Herkevitts was one of the first researchers to trace the African Origin of the slaves who came to the Americans he believed that despite attempts to strip Africans slaves ot their cultural heritage the practice ot polygyny was retained from the practice. affected by bonding and closeness of mother and child because the husband/ father was somewhat marginal. This pattern remained in the Caribbean society especially about lower class people of African descent. Plantation system, there is the belief that the persistence of the Matrifocal family can be seen as a consequence of the plantation system of slavery, M. C. Smith wrote that under plantation slavery stables families were not given a chance to develop unions of whatever sort, were often broken up as slaves were sold. The unit of mother and child was less likely to be torn apart than a unit of man, woman and child, males were denied family rights which resulted in a system of female centeredness therefore became marginalise. Women now lead their families. It is a well-organized social group which represents a positive adaptauon to the circumstances of poverty. By not tying herself down to a husband. the mother is able to maintain causal relationships with a number of men who can provide her with financial support. The above Information shows that the Matrlfocal family can be regarded as a form of family structure in its own right. It is therefore Important because it shows that a woman doesnt need a man to take care of her and her family, she If fully cable of performing both tasks all by herself. so Matrltocal family Is very Important.

Relationship Between Fashion And Identity Cultural Studies Essay

Relationship Between Fashion And Identity Cultural Studies Essay For many years people have been putting some message in the type of clothing they wore, people started wanting to stand out from the big crowds and be different from other people, changing the way they use their clothes, giving a personal touch, trying to stand out from the common way that people were used to wear it. Fashion can be defined as a constantly changing trend, it is necessary to recognize that at the present moment fashion has a deeper influence on peoples life, is not only anymore something to cover our self, fashion nowadays show some part of peoples personality and tell to other people who they are. People can decide in which way want to be perceive, showing that fashion posses more than just frivolous reasons for its existence, is not just a way to look good, transcends social and cultural barriers. Clothing has become a part of the self-realization of every person. At the beginning Clothing was basically designed to be supply the fact of be covering as a need, a need that is dictated by the norms of social conduct. The type of clothing people use to cover depends on the person who is wearing it, taking us to the concept of personal identity. The choice of clothing and accessories is as important as the identification of the colour of hair, height, skin and gender. Clothing nowadays is a media of information about the person wearing it (Barnard, 2002) The present time offers a great variety of styles and gives people the opportunity to reveal their identity. Every cloth carries a strong message but is about every owner look. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a mean of communication with the outside world. It is the way of telling people about the state and the status of it owner (Barnes Eicher, 2008). On the book Fashion as communication by Malcolm Barnard, it is a perfect outlining of cultural roles, rules, rituals, and responsibilities that are maintained and constructed by fashion. Fashion can be compared to art. The use that people give to the clothes is like an architector that gives his creation any shape he desires and want and at the same time is the reflection of the architectors toughs, believes and also the place and the social class for who he is designing for, this works as a perfect example because, people look in one way when they are going to work and they are some other where they are just hanging out with friends. The message that clothing contains is basically a way of nonverbal communication, all of this means that in this new era, people not just wear close to follow a social condition that is to be cover, it is also a way to show people how important is for each of us to be well presented. Clothes have an immense impact on the perception of people and on the perception of the person who is wearing it, a suit can make a person feel more confident which eventually will change even the gestures and the manner of talking of the person or for inst ance wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very liberal one (Hollander, 2002) The perception of people around can be very predictable in terms of their reaction on a person wearing this or that style of clothing. Fashion is one of the most powerful means of communication, which sometimes may play a vital role in the life of a person. Therefore fashion may not only carry a message. This can be simply proved by analysing the reaction of the people on the street on people wearing different types of clothing. The preference is always given to people dressed in a conventional way, with this Im not saying that been presented in the way that society expect is the right way, Im just saying that we still inside of a society that always expect that things should be in a certain way, is good that we are opening our minds and is easy to develop an style in a free way showing their personality without be scare of the reaction of the society, we dont judge the people who is next to us for what he is wearing because the believes and thought of that person can tell him that t he person who is next to him is not going according to it should be, here is where it comes the fact that that globalized world like the one we are living now, give us the opportunity to understand that not what I think is what is right, all of this show us that fashion it can be a tool of manipulation where with the right look you can be part of any society without have to expose what you truly believe. In terms of gender Clothing is a fundamental part in the image of a contemporary man or a woman (Crane, 2001). The image is constructed for various reasons and has various manifestations; Dressing has become a way to create and to reveal information. Fashion has always been considered to have more of women based orientation, Women, have a great impact on the development of fashion worldwide. Of course one of the primary messages clothes carry is the social message. Historically the social message has transformed, Nowadays clothing is not an attribute of belonging to a clan, or to a restrained social level though it still can tell a lot about the financial status of a person, women use to wore traditional dresses, which signified their cultural and social status (Guy Green Banim, 2003). Women clothing in the past had a lot to do with emphasizing femininity, Analysing the way of dressing today it is necessary to say that fashionable clothes has push extremely femininity way. Women bec ome less ladylike but more aggressive and business like. Women have accepted a lot of clothing styles that propagandize masculinity. Of course theyre still some women that still caring tenderness and femininity preserving womens sexuality in their styles but nevertheless the general tendency of feminization in todays society has done its work. Nowadays is not a secret that men are more involved on this trend of take care in a better way of the way they look. Through the history mens fashion has changed a lot. Identity has brought a lot of specific changes in the perception of a contemporary man. An open manifestation of sexual orientation has brought the image of a feminine man; fashion for men has become more flexible, letting the men express it self without been worried of what people is going to think about it, the funny thing if it can be call as funny is that before, taking that before as the time of kings and prince, they used to be really concerned about they way they look, a nd if look some of those customs some of them used to be really feminine and the fact that they were really concern about they way they look was normal, even the fact that a prince didnt care they way he looks was disrespectful with his customs. The symbolism of clothing is another part of delivering the message that a person tries to put into it. The symbolism may touch any part of peoples life For example: music, sexual orientation and some others, (Barnard, 2002). Originally, a symbol is a facility that is used to express feelings or belonging to some group of class often dealing with power and wealth. The perception of symbols is not the same as the perception of the whole clothing image of an individual, because people may interpret the same symbol differently and the understanding of the carrier of the symbol will be completely different. For Example every person has to be very careful with the symbol on a visit in a foreign country; all of this because the double meaning of the symbols that may be offending the culture the person is in, this take us to the example of someone next to us on the underground, every person belongs to a different culture and has the right to reveal into his personal identity sometimes repla cing on his own look his cultural identity. This cultural identity brings people belonging to a culture definite highlighting differences with other people. Clothing in terms of culture is the way to reveal either the historical roots of a person or the roots the group he belongs to demonstrating a belonging to a certain cultural community. Is very easy to distinguish a European from a Hindu by the style of dressing or an Indian woman from an oriental woman by the distinctive spot on the forehead of an Indian woman and a veil worn by Moslem woman. Fashion has taken the best part of the traditional costumes of every culture, giving the chance to people to show from where they came in a really respectful way, been proud of where they came from. Fashion and identity are inseparable. Fashion with all its symbolism and attributes and with it outstanding base and the Identity as a necessary process of each person personality as it is a part of self-realization. Fashion can help each person to show who is and how wants to be seen.

Pickering: The Victorian Gentleman

Pickering: The Victorian Gentleman Pickering the Victorian Gentleman: In the play many characters changed as the play went on like Pickering. Pickering in the play seemed to be a gentleman around others and also treated them as a gentleman would treat them. But in act 4 the reader sees that Pickering is not the man he seems to act or look like. In act 4 the reader sees a switch from being a gentleman to a disrespecting man. The first example is in act 4 where pickering is talking to Higgins, another gentleman who turned out to be a disrespectful man as well, about Liza while she is right in front of them. This demonstrates that instead of acknowledging Liza which is in the room during the conversation he in fact ignores her and then proceeds to talk about her and not in a good way but in a bad way. Before this happened the reader can see that Pickering treats Liza with respect and dignity but now we see that he in fact disrespects her in a very rude way. In act 5 we see pickering acts different towards Liza by acting very respectful towards her. In act 5 he talks to her in a calm very gentleman like way while Higgins goes off on Liza for her attitude in the ending of act 4. In act 5 the reader sees that pickering acts nice and confident towards Liza to convince her to go back to Higgins house to finish what he started. This demonstrates that pickering can act nice towards her Liza by acting like a gentl eman towards her. Pickerings relationship with other characters like Higgin and Liza are respectful and very gentleman like. With Higgins he treats him like an acquaintance or like a friend but nothing more. The reader can see this in act 3 when mrs.Higgin tells her son Liza is not ready to be presented to the public in which in response both Pickering and Higgins both praise Liza for she has become. Another example of Pickering with Higgins is in act 2 where we see that Higgins does not have any personal feelings towards Liza but only professional feelings. Pickerings attitude with Liza is also respectful in a professional and kind way. An example of this is in act 2 where we see when Pickering offers to pay for all the lessons to Higgins for him to transform Liza from a corner street flower girl to a perfect speaking younglady worthy of being in a high class environment. Another example where we see Pickering being very gentleman like to Liza is in act 5 where Liza is talking to Pickering about how he has helped her build the self-respect she had by Your calling me Miss Doolittle that day when I first came to Wimpole Street. That was the beginning of self-respect for me. And there were a hundred little things you never noticed, because they came naturally to you. Things about standing up and taking off your hat and opening doorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. During the victorian time majority of the men were gentleman or at least nice to other people. Pickering during this time found his role and responsibilities and played it well by being an almost perfect gentleman. The reader sees this in act 5 when Liza gave thanks to Pickering for being a gentleman and treating her like a lady. Your calling me Miss Doolittle that day when I came to Wimpole Street. That was the beginning of self-respect for me. Another way he showed a character that was nothing but a gentleman was when he offered to pay for the lessons that Liza would have to pay for herself with the money that Higgins threw at her in act 1. Pickering gave Liza the opportunity to turn into a high class woman with the ability to be around other high class woman and act like she belonged there. This illustrates that although Higgins only took it turning Liza to a high class woman as a joke, Pickering saw it as an opportunity to turn a flower girl to something much better and he gave h er that option. In the victorian time the culture for men where either respecting women or not respecting them. Like in act 5 Higgins does not respect Liza when confronted about what happened in act 4 but when Pickering does confront her also in act 5 he does so in a manner that respects Liza in a way that does not insult her or disrespect her in any way. In conclusion Pickering shows us that he was a gentleman through most of the play and does not disrespect her in any way because those are part of his values, that is how he treats the majority of characters, and during that time that was the culture at the time.

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis Essay -- Literature

In C.S. Lewis’s The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, Lewis emphasizes the three points of philosophy, themes, and symbolism throughout his writing. Lewis was a strong Christian man, and wanted to make children see and understand all the stories of the Bible. Therefore, he put Christian elements through his books, but with fantasy characters as well. Especially in this story, Lewis conveys the differences between good and evil. Aslan is represented as Christ just as the White Witch represents the sense of evil. Lewis wrote several books in this Narnia series, but The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe became the most famous and recognized of his novels. C.S. Lewis became one of the most prominent Christian writers in contemporary British society, not only because of his devotion to Christ, but also because his stories were so outstanding (Hitchens). Lewis wrote both fantasy and Christian books, which were both connected to each other in their own way. He used Christian elements to write fantasy stories, and vice versa (Langford). When he began to write The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, he placed the story with four children that had to move out of their own house during the air raids (Hannay). In chapter one, the book tells us: â€Å"This story is about something that happened to them when they were sent away from London during the war because of air-raids. They were sent to the house of an old Professor who lived in the heart of the country, ten miles from the nearest post office. He had no wife and he lived in a very large house with a housekeeper called Mrs. Macready and three servants† (Lewis 1). When the actual adv enture begins, one of the four children entered the wardrobe’s doors while playing hide and seek with her sibl... ...oit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 12 Jan. 2012 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. "Always Winter and Never Christmas: Symbols of Time in Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia." Mythlore 18.1 (Autumn 1991): 10-14. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 109. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. Pietrusz, Jim. "Rites of Passage: The Chronicles of Narnia and the Seven Sacraments." Mythlore 14.4 (Summer 1988): 61-63. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 109. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. Walsh, Chad. "The Parallel World of Narnia." The Literary Legacy of C. S. Lewis. New York, N.Y.: Harcourt Brace Jonavich, 1979. 123-157. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 109. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 12 Jan. 2012.

Public Nudity Should Not be Allowed :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Public Nudity Should Not be Allowed In the summer of 1996 Gwen Jacobs enjoyed a topless summer stroll during which she was seen by a local O.P.P officer, was apprehended and subsequently charged with indecent exposure. Gwen Jacobs pleaded not guilty in court and won the right to go topless in Ontario. This incident brought up an excellent question: should women be allowed to go topless on public beaches and in other public areas? The answer is strictly no, women should not be allowed to go topless anywhere outside of their own home. One of the many reasons why I believe that women should not be allowed to go topless is with respect to the safety of women. Men and boys have, in recent years, been using short, tight, skirts and shirts as an excuse for rape or date rape. Men have said that the girl was wearing a tight shirt and short skirt and it was obvious that she was easy and wanted the attention. This statement leads me to my next point. The average human being upon first contact with a stranger bases his initial impression of that person solely on the person's appearance. This is only natural as the only thing that we know about this stranger is what we see of them the first time we meet. We all are aware of the sayings "Preppy","Jockish","Skater","Sluty" etc. This final saying, â€Å"Sluty† is interpreted by 90 percent of North Americans as a tight skirt and tight tank top which happens to be the usual ensemble of a prostitute. This first impression of a girl in nothing but a skirt and a bare chest will no doubt elevate to the new version of a â€Å"Slut† and a girl that wants it. My second point is, what kind of questions will a mother be asked by her son when he sees a half nude woman walking down the street. The first question that this child will ask is why do these women have no shirt on and you do? Your reply will be well ahhh go talk to your father. This dilemma will no doubt be brought about as these and other questions about the sexual nature of the body will be put forth by young children. Questions that you as a parent do not feel should be answered truthfully to such a young child. My third point begins thousands of years ago when man first walked on the earth. When man first walked he hunted and his wife(clothless) cleaned the game and took care of the young.

Human Population and the Environment †Urbanization Essay

Urbanization can simply be seen as the movement and concentration of large populations upon an urban area at the detriment of the rural populous. This is due to a complex set of economic, demographic, social, cultural, technological, and environmental processes (P. Knox, 2009). Our topic narrows down to the correlation of urbanization and the environment. To start with, a number of environmental benefits can be realized due to urbanization; For instance urban areas concentrate large populations in a relatively small area thus there is more free forestry land. Plus a compact, concentrated urban area means more people walking and less number of cars on the road, consequently fewer carbon emissions from usage of cars. Conversely, there are a number of challenges posed to the environment due to urbanization. The mass exodus of people into urban areas have had a strain on infrastructure and led to poor sanitation and housing that leads to environmental degradation. Poor planning leads also leads to air, water and noise pollution due to industries and community settlements. We see this issue addressed in the Moroccan Shelter upgrading in Agadir. Faced with substandard housing and shanty towns inhabited by an ever increasing populous, three projects are set up, one of which is the Tikiouine project that comprises of three housing areas being developed and integrates community participation and responsibility concerning their sewer lines and tertiary water. In addition, the Tilburg city management model offers a sustainable five step integrated approach to administration of social, economic and environmental policies in a city. The Tilburg model implements these policies up to the neighborhood level. Thus ensures that a â€Å"Basic Quality† is maintained and thus minimizing environmental deprivation.

Bim Revolutionise Qs Profession

1) Introduction 2) Building Information Modelling (BIM), how it may revolutionise the QS profession 3) The Differences Between CAD and BIM 4) Highlight and discuss the future strategic skills of QS due to the advent of BIM and such like 5) References Introduction Nowadays, the advent of information technology era has ushered in Building Information Modelling (BIM). ? It is an innovative new approach to building design, construction and management which has been introduced by AUTODESK (2002). ? BIM have an impact on most areas of business management and operation. It changed the way industry professionals worldwide think about how technology can be applied to building design, construction and management. ? It will revolutionise methods of working and redefine the relationships between construction professionals. ? It will challenge current thinking on contracts and most importantly, it will support the integration of the design and construction teams. ? BIM supports the continuous and immediate availability of project design scope, schedule and cost information that is high quality, reliable, integrated and fully coordinated. BIM provide a visual aspect of the design, hence simplifying the work on the construction site. Thus, Building Information Modelling (BIM) may be considered as the current state of art in CAD developments. ? Advances in drawing technology which is Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) make the researchers and practitioners working hard to exploit CAD data in order to generate Bills of Quantities. ? Currently it is being implemented by a significant number of architectural and engineering practices, and has the potential to revolutionise the quantity surveying profession. An effective definition of BIM is provided by Schwegler, he process of creating an information database for a project in which lifecycle information is expressed in an interoperable manner to create, engineer, estimate, illustrate and construct a construction project. †¢ In this system, the design data will be kept in digital form which will make it easier to update-better coordination and it will be more valuable to the industry professionals. †¢ Apart from that, creating real-time, consistent relationship between digital design data with innovative parametric building modelling technology Can save significant amount of time, money and increase the project productivity and quality The Differences between CAD and BIM Building Information Modelling (BIM), how it may revolutionise the QS profession Due to the auto-measurement created by BIM we are able to inform the design as it develops with the knowledge of quantity and cost, not just measure and cost the design, which is often too late. Apart from that it will also facilitate the preparation of accurate estimates. |The process of taking the existing design information at design development stages and modelling it in 3D are used in terms of the | |identification and as an aid to eliminate clashes and co-ordination errors. |Once we developed the 3D modelling and process it to dynamically populate Bills of Quantities and specification from models. | |The BIM services became in demand by being able to compete on cost with traditional methods but able to respond faster and benefits of | |the core process of modelling to provide a visual record of what has been measured where. | Therefore the quantity surveyor does not have to do estimates and measurement for the project. Thus, the quantity surveyor does not have to do Bills of Quantities and specification for the project. Using BIM is like we use the best available technology to do things faster and better, and eliminate waste and repeated work. In order to avoid the inefficiencies we need to normalise data, enter information once and reuse it many times, turning data into an asset in which it could be as simple as entering the name and address of a supplier once at the inception stage of a project. When we enter the supplier’s information, automatically current price of the item will be inserted in the digital data information. The core process of 3D modelling for measurement produces model that can be divided for many other purposes at marginal cost. For instance ? clash detection, ? construction sequences ? printing physical models ? presentation and visualisation, ? speeding up the process of understanding information about the project ? communicating it to those who are not so adept at reading drawings Apart from that, the mode of communication between the construction professionals also changed due to introduction of BIM in the construction industry. This is because, the building product model is used as a tool to communicate with other professionals about costing where this situation will reduced the QS time spend in communicating with architects, engineers, contractors and client. By using this building product model, people will get a clearer view in what the QS explained about. Next, with the introduction of BIM, the progress of works in all stages will be reduced. This is due to the sophisticated software where any correction on the drawing will be automatically updated on the building model and there is no need for other profession to revise their works. If any disputes occur, they can just refer to building model to justify or make any amendments. Highlight and discuss the future strategic skills of QS due to the advent of BIM and such like At the end of twentieth century, many challenges had been faced by the profession. With the increased activities associated with the information technology in which removed some of the repetitive tasks related to their work make the profession to develop and utilise their skills more fully. For instance, from solely considering initial costs of construction emphasis which then shifted to identifying and adding value to the development processes. ? The quantity surveyor need to expand their skills, expertise and client based in order to survive. The 21st century quantity surveyor should be a resource primed to add value to the entire development process by the unique menu of skills and competencies. ? The knowledge driven services provide competencies that should encourage â€Å"service mix†. It is like retooling the traditional skills and require expansive of new streams of knowledge to face the challenges. Thus, a quantity surveyor firm should specialize in a selection of the se services which has been organized in cognate clusters. Therefore, they have to differentiate its services portfolio. 1. Financial advisory services | |Investment appraisal | |Financial analysis | |Life cycle costing | |Expenditure statements for taxation and account purposes | |Capital allowance management | 2. Management Advisory Services | |Feasibility studies | |Cost planning / management | |Property management | |Facility management | |Asset management | |Risk management | |Conditions survey | |Value management and analysis | |Replacement cost for insurance purposes | 3. Procurement Management | |Preliminary cost advice | |Estimating, measurement and quantification with the help of BIM | |Advising on contractual methods | |Advising on the contractor’s selection | |Preparing tender documents | |Obtaining or negotiating tender bids | |Valuing construction work | |Preparing and agreeing accounts with contractors | |Cost control and post contract management | |Project management and coordination | |Scheduling and planning | 4. Legal advisory services | |Expert testimony / litigation support | |Arbitration | |Dispute and conflict management (ADR) | |Advice on claims preparation and claim defense | |Contract auditting | The general orientation is that the QS profession has shifted from a mere technical function to a more managerial function within the context of the market place It is rather a deepening of expertise in the core traditional function while adding on other competencies as dictated by the market place. Apart from that, a quantity surveyor should develop inter-personal skills in order to survive in this competitive environment. The traditional professional service posture is sales oriented rather than marketing oriented. We should know that the era when clients consulted the consultants has long disappeared. Nowadays, the consultants are compelled by the market to ‘consult’ potential clients it is like ‘reverse consulting’. Therefore whilst ‘sales orientation’ focuses on ‘selling the professionals’ services to the customer/client, ‘marketing orientation’ develops new services to suit the client’s changing needs. |Selling |Marketing | |a |Emphasis on product |Emphasis on customer/clients wants | |b |Company first makes the product and figures out how |Company first determines what customer/clients wants and make | | |to sell it |product/services to satisfy those wants | |c |Planning is short-run oriented in terms of today’s |Planning is long-run oriented in terms of new products, tomorrows| | |products and markets |market and future growth | The quantity surveyor must now provide clients with strategic advice at a much higher level than previously actions. We must place ourselves higher up in the agenda by providing strategic advice at entire group of people, advising on how best to manage the entire cost and property portfolio. Quantity surveyor is a professional who is able to analyse construction into its cost significant elements and functions, able to translate and extract the key quantity and cost elements of drawings and specifications into contract documents that then enable the delivery of best value for money through an understanding of construction, economics and management’, as opine by Westcott and Burnside (2003). Apart from that, quantity surveyor should set good benchmarks for its current cost levels, set up a source of cost information which keeps pace with the growing industry needs and critically analysis project costs. The quantity surveyor should have communication skills in order to adapt with the fast changing of construction industry. We should be an effective communicator and to get our point across without misunderstanding and confusion. The content of our message should be clear enough for them to understand, concise, accurate, and well-planned communications. Apart from that, the quantity surveyor needs to enhance themselves in information technologies where it is also known as computer skills. It is because BIM only relies on those skills. They should master the basic computer skill as well as the complex computer skills in case they have problem with the software. In this era, those who do not know how to operate the computer device will be left far way behind the successful people. Thus, it is necessary for the quantity surveyor to master the computer skills and vast knowledge in information technologies. REFERENCES †¢ BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING – REPORT MARCH 2011www. thenbs. com/bim TOTAL COST MANAGEMENT AT THE DESIGN STAGE USING A BUILDING PRODUCT MODEL by Wilfred Masuwa Matipa [BSc (Hons), MSc, PGCertTT, MAACE, MCIOB] †¢ BUILDING INFORMATIUON MODELLING AND QUANTITY SURVEYING PRACTICE by O. A. Olatunji, W. Sher and N. Gu Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, 15(1), 67-70(2010) †¢ http://m. building. co. uk/qs/rise-of-the-machines-bim-and-qss/5019945. mobile †¢ http://m. building. co. uk/buildings/project-stage/the-use-of-force-building-information-modelling/5007579. mobile ———————– Construction Industry Professionals Computer Aided Design (CAD) Auto CAD Design Tools Facilitate speed Enhance quality of design Traditional approach To plan manually To design manually To take off manually Building Information Modelling (BIM) Transform 2-dimensional CAD designs Virtual 3-dimensional building model Transform construction industry To computer-based working environment Satisfy client’s requirement 2-dimensional CAD tools Used by designers to Plan Sketch Design The buildings Plan Section Elevation Perspective views of the building Mistakes and discrepancies found If architect want to change the front and back design of the building Need to edit elevation sections of the drawing Need to inform the structural engineer, QS, for amendments BIM Complete virtual building model Formulated by input all design construction information into BIM software Encompass all information of the project Design data Performance data Quantities of material Specification of material Appropriate construction sequence External environment constraints Best construction approach Time line of the project Assist construction professionals from Preliminary stage Operational period of building after completion A change in building model will automatically amend all other related information By entering the command of deleting a section of wall, the design data of wall, windows, and doors will be omitted instantly Change in cost and performance and other aspects of the building will be adjusted accordingly

Functional, Business and Global Strategies Essay

a. The module focuses on the company’s/division’s business level strategies and global strategies. You will need to answer the following questions. Anheuser-Busch Inbev is one of the largest breweries in the world. â€Å"Currently, Anheuser-Busch InBev has a product list of more than 200 beers, including global best-sellers Budweiser, Stella Artois, Beck’s, multi-country brands like Leffe and Hoegaarden, and strong â€Å"local jewels† such as Bud Light, Skol, Brahma, Quilmes, Michelob, Harbin, Sedrin, Cass, Klinskoye, Sibirskaya Korona, Chernigivske, and Jupiler, among others that have helped to make the company so successful. In addition, to their own brands, AB InBev owns a 50 percent share in Grupo Modelo, which is Mexico’s leading brewers that own the global Corona brand. AB InBev also owns a 27 percent share in the China brewer Tsingtao. (Workman, 2009)† Since Anheuser-Busch InBev has a vast variety of markets throughout the world we could see different stages in the life cycle through these different markets. For example Western Europe has a Consumer resistant (declining stage of the life cycle). USA, UK France, Switzerland and Latin America have a mature market. Eastern and Central Europe have a market that consolidation considered life cycle and Africa, China, India and Indonesia have a fragmented or introductory life cycle. To be able to do the analysis we will be considering the beer industry life cycle stage as a whole, this stage according to the analyst, the life cycle stage of the beer industry and Anheuser-Busch Inbev has already entered it’s maturity stage. â€Å"In this stage product features may be enhanced in order to differentiate them from competitors, pricing is normally lower, distribution is more intensive, and promotion emphasizes brand image and product differences. (workman, 2009)† Ghebrial,2009) 1. Based on these product, market, or distinctive competency choices, what generic business-level strategy is your company pursuing? AB InBev has a chosen a differentiated strategy offering unique or distinctive products to many kinds of consumers, where their main focus is to gain market share from highly concentrated and competitive US markets and also to focus on international increasing potential markets expanding its global market. Because brands are the foundation of AB InBev, they place major value on their relationship with consumers. These strategic involvements can be traced back to the original establishments of both Anheuser-Busch and Inbev, before they merged. They established brand loyalty with their consumers and due to this AB InBev has chosen to focus their current and future investments on specific brands that have proven to be profitable. These specific brands have been identified as Stella Artois, Beck’s and Budweiser. â€Å"To date, the brands chosen have outperformed other InBev products and announced in the Q3 Press Release on November 6th, InBev had gained or maintained market share in eight of their ten markets† (AB InBev, 2011). As for the differentiation strategy AB InBev we should expect products to be renovated and innovation to be a high predominance in the company (e.g. updating packaging and brand image). As a whole AB Inbev plans to keep the original strategies that Anheuser Busch and Inbev had proven to be effective (differentiation strategy). (Ghebrial,2009) 2. Discuss how your company has attempted to develop a competitive strategy to protect its business-level strategy. For example, if your company is operating in an embryonic industry, discuss the ways it has attempted to increase its competitive advantage over time. If it operates in a mature industry, discuss how it has tried to manage the entry and rivalry. AB InBev has protected its own business-level strategy in many different ways. As a company[s main mission to be the greatest beer in the world, they have achieved competitive strategies to be able to protect their business-level strategies; Sprinkler Expansion strategy, Aggressive Marketing Strategy and Consumer Responsiveness Approach. Sprinkler Expansion Strategy As the world’s largest brewer, AB Inbev has the ability to compete in new and foreign markets as a strong threat. Due to their enormous capital and expansion-based strategy, they can enter any market as a challenger and shutdown competition to become the leading brewer in this market. As an aggregated note we can also see this in domestic or already dominated markets because due to economics of scale they can achieve differentiated products at a low cost. Aggressive Marketing Strategy AB InBev has been characterized in the US and in international markets as one of the most aggressive marketing in the world, these is due to their differentiation strategy and the sprinkler expansion strategy. AB InBev utilizes their extensive capital to capture as much as the market as they can and be able to be number one, in all markets they can. Another added value to this strategy is making all AB Inbev consumers brand loyal, this meaning that they can retain their customers. Consumer Responsiveness Approach Consumer responsiveness approach or Customer-focused approach is the strategy that maintains this brand loyalty through the brand. I believe that AB InBev is one of the best breweries that respond to consumers in every way. As we can see in the chart below AB InBev focuses on costumer responsiveness to assure their business-level strategy. Ghebrial,2009) b. Your company is already doing business in other countries. AB InBev is the largest brewery in the world, and has as a mission to be the world’s greatest beer company in the world. Having more than 200 brands and have expanded to more than 30 countries explains in simple statistics the growth pattern of this company. As they explicitly site in their Annual financial statement â€Å"At Anheuser-Busch InBev, we are focused on building a world-class consumer product company for the 21st century- and delivering on our exceptional potential for value creation through consistent top-line growth and expanding profitability in the world.† AB InBev has not only shown this through the last years but has a consistent growth pattern through the years, as we can see in the two pictures below, InBev the father company of AB InBev has grown through the years creating this brand loyalty and acquiring new companies to strive and become the greatest beer company in the world. (Ghebrial,2009) 1. What strategy is your company pursuing to compete globally? In your opinion, is this the correct strategy, given cost pressures and pressures for local responsiveness? The company has established a well rounded plan to be able to expand globally: Dream-people Culture platform, Right Brands, Right markets, Industry Leading Reach and Resources and Financial discipline. Dream-People-Culture AB InBev are able to drive the execution of their strategies because their unique platform. The people represent the major sustainable competitive advantage. The culture is based on accountability, integrity, continual improvement and mindset of doing the right thing for the long run. Right Brands The Brands constitute a big advantage, â€Å"†¦comprising one of the strongest brand portfolios of any consumer products company, including 14 brands with estimated retail sales value of more than 1 billion USD.† (AB InBev, 2011) The chosen brands entitle a great advantage in being able to expand into markets throughout the world. Right Markets The company positions itself in the right markets. A good share in most of the world’s premier markets for beer, â€Å"†¦including the industry’s most profitable beer market, as well as Brazil and China. (AB InBev, 2011)† The balance of their expansion and the fast growing emerging markets promotes profitability in the long-term. Industry-Leading Reach and Resources AB InBev has the ability to compete effectively on a global scale. Due to the Industry-Leading Reach and Resources, â€Å"including their presence in 23 countries and uniform processes that ensure consistent performance globally. (AB InBev, 2011)† Financial Discipline Another major factor in this global strategic plan, is the competency of cost efficiency, â€Å"which enables us to convert â€Å"non-working money† in areas as administrative overhead into â€Å"working money† to be devoted to investments in growth. (AB InBev, 2011)† 2. What major foreign market does your company serve, and what mode has it used to enter this market? Why is your company active in these markets and not others? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this mode of entry? Might another mode of entry be preferable? Holding business in 23 different countries, AB-InBev has developed number one or number two positions in diverse markets throughout the world, including North America, Latin America South, Latin America North, Western Europe and Eastern, Central Europe and Asia. As a major expanding company as we say in the previous graph, we state that one of the major entry modes of AB InBev has been steady in acquiring or merging with powerful companies in the market of interest to be able to compete in a number one or number two position. The company uses this mode of entry to be able to compete in the present market, use their capital and become the leading company in the market. Having the power and capital, they prefer to enter the market with global brands know to everyone like Stella Arlois and Budweiser, as well as to adopt the current â€Å"favorite† beer (e.g. Corona, Quilmes) to compete as a global and local company. As we can see AB InBev is in all the major markets of the world being successful in most of them, as their financial statement says, they search markets where they can provide extreme customer responsiveness and achieve profitability and growth. In the below graph we can see what companies AB InBev has acquired or merged with to for the most important markets in the six regions described before. AB InBev has chosen this method of entry, but there is one more specific entry mode that can be argued to be a better fit for the company and this is to form a wholly owned business in the new market. This could bring the benefit of owning all of the business and creating a culture of their own and being as successful as they have been in their home markets. In my consideration this would be a mistake and should not be done any other way than their original and current plan of expansion. By investing too much capital and taking the whole risk on their own they have a much better chance to take over other companies keep selling their top brands as discussed before and enter the market with their world famous beer, that have exceeded revenue expectations in the past.

Life Sentence, Cruel and Unusual Punishment?

Teenagers are always committing petty crimes, and some are more sever then others. Most of the time when juveniles are charged for crimes, they are sent to Juvenile Hall. But what if the crime requires more com/capital-punishment-and-sensitive-societal-issue/">punishment than that? Some teenagers are committing crimes so sever that they’re being tried as adults and serving life in prison without parole. The Supreme Court is now considering whether this sentence constitutes ‘cruel and unusual’ punishment. Teenagers are always doing something illegal because maybe they think it's cool or they’re not thinking properly or whatever it’ll be. But no matter how extensive the crime, teens shouldn’t be imprisoned their whole lives because of one stupid decision or mistake they made at 15 years old. Hopefully some people grow up and out of their old ways and they regret what they had done. But, unfortunately, that’s not enough. Joe Sullivan. 13 years old. Convicted in 1989 for sexually assaulting a 72-year-old woman. Now at 34, Joe is asking the Supreme Court to decide whether his sentence violates the Constitution’s Eighth Amendment ban on â€Å"cruel and unusual punishmentâ€Å". Joe Sullivan is located in Florida – the state holding the highest number of non-homicidal juvenile lifers: 77. Joe’s crime is cruel and unusual but others could and are way worse. According to the reports from the Equal Justice Initiatives, only 8 people in the world, all in the United States, are serving crimes they committed at 13. Prompted by a quick rise in juvenile crimes in the 1990s, Florida and other states have taken a get-tough approach. Which made the punishment much more sever for their crimes. Rebecca Falcon. 5 years old. Convicted on November 19th, 1997 for shooting and killing a cab driver. That night Rebecca was upset over an ex-boyfriend and because of that, she drank a large amount of whiskey. Later on, she and an 18-year-old friend hopped in a cab and within minutes the driver was dead. To this day, the shooter wasn’t identified, however the gun belonged to her friend. Both had put the blame on each other. Now Rebecca is 27 and highly regrets her decisions from night. Some people do mature over time and not everyone deserves to be entenced for life for a crime they committed as teenagers. 2,500 prisoners in the United States are serving life imprisonment for crimes they did as juveniles. 109 people were sentenced for life for crimes that didn’t involve a homicide. Besides Sullivan’s case, there have been only one other case involving teenagers locked away for rape. But the question is, is it right? Obviously putting them in Juvenile Hall will do nothing seeing how they committed the crime a year or two before they would get out if they were put there. But at the same time, life in prison might not be the best thing either. Putting a 13-year-old in jail and telling them they’ll be there for the rest of their lives is somewhat overwhelming. Young teens are more susceptible to peer pressure and easily run off the straight and narrow by the environment around them. Jail is suppose to serve two purposes: Punishment and rehabilitation. However, if teens are being sent to life without parole, they’re only getting the punishment. Not everyone should be giving parole but no one should be denied a chance at another life.

Attributes of entrepreneur Essay

Confidence positive thlnklng is a major step In the direction of success 5. Positive thinker entrepreneur are positive thinkers. Wealth does not always come to the most intelligent or the most ambitious individuals. Patience -when one owns who his business, there will be times when feels like the roof of craving-in. 7. Decisiveness – one should go with his intuition and trust that he is doing the right thing 8. Experience component for growth – as a key 9. Information seeking – entrepreneur should seek information with client and competitors, seek advice. 10. Perseverance – must be willing to persevere during rough times 11. Drive – needs to be totally committed 12. Risk taking – prefer tasks, which provide them some challenges 13. Innovation creative, they do things in new and different ways 14. Opportunity-seeking – readily identifies opportunities for going into or to improve his business 15. Demand for efficiency and quality – entrepreneur always strives to find ways to do things better, faster and at a lower cost 16. Systematic planning and monitoring – introduces some system in achlevlng his goals by breaking this goal Into short term and long term goals 11. Persuasion and networking – easy establishes a network or personal and business contacts around them

THEORETICALLEGAL CREATION OF MYTHICAL COMPANY Research Paper

THEORETICALLEGAL CREATION OF MYTHICAL COMPANY - Research Paper Example This company will produce cars along with light weighed trucks that would ride on an average 135 miles with a gallon of fuel. This company has been well initiated through the government, the economy and the determination of the angel investors who aimed towards creating fleet of vehicles that satisfies the consumers’ demands and exhibits high level of performance and emits nearly zero level of carbon. The company will be based in North Carolina because it expects to utilize the employment and manufacturing capacity left behind by the emigration of the major companies producing furniture. It has been estimated that tax breaks will exceed $180,000,000 during the coming 30 years and East Coast utilization equivalent to the Silicon Valley will add value to the local economy. Due to the conversion of the current tax subsidy level of the US government to ethanol production at the rate of only 50% of the spending in the current budget, the first 1 million cars produced by the company would become feasible to be sold at such a cost that general public will accept. After enjoying the initial profitability generated by the low cost cars, the economies of scale and competitive market will allow the cost to come in line with the customers’ expectations. The present budget condition is the most appropriate one in order to take advantage of the ineffectual subsidies on ethanol. The present economic condition provides the best environment for an organization like Future Inc. The venture would produce an environment friendly, fuel-efficient product that offers comparatively lower cost of ownership than its substitutes in the automotive industry. 2. Lawsuits This portion of the report demonstrates the policies (basically, the ethical and the fair policies) that Future Inc will undertake with regards to the lawsuits in US. The company aims to conduct business for the sake of community’s benefits, be it local, national or international. Thus with regards to t he lawsuits, the following policies would be followed by the company: Policies The company aims to follow the policy towards increased security of energy. It will look after the proper maintenance and disbursement of the energies to be emitted during the process of manufacturing as well as during the process of dispatching the products. The company aims to deal with professionals experienced in the field of energy security so that complete security can be assured to the customers. The second policy that the company aims to follow is related to the reduction in costs of energy. It assures that the cost of fuel consumption by the natural gas vehicle that would be produced will be much lower than its substitute products or the cars run through petrol and diesel. The third important policy of the company is towards reduction in air pollution. The company proclaims that use of natural gas as fuel consumption will ensure comprehensive reduction in creation of pollution that harms communit y in several ways. The fourth policy that the company would follow is aimed towards reduced greenhouse emissions. Natural gas ensures near zero emission of carbon and it also ensures to create conducive environment to survive. The company will undertake its fifth important policy in the form of utilizing local resources as much as possible. Through the use of

How White Lies Can Be Good For Your Marriage Research Paper

How White Lies Can Be Good For Your Marriage - Research Paper Example In translating this idea into a more academic realm, this literature review is going to analyze research on the importance of trust and communication in an interpersonal relationship. What happens when white lies are told? Is it better to always tell the truth or to safeguard the feelings of your significant other by telling them a simple, unassuming lie? The aim of this literature analysis is to determine if the practice of telling white lies can lead to more serious transgressions of trust within a relationship. The following ten journal articles will divulge this argument of white lies in a relationship to determine whether or not they help or harm a relationship. In order to discuss the literature surrounding this argument, this analysis will review articles about trust and deception within relationships. Analyzing the positive and negative components of white lies against these relationship ideas will help to determine the effect that minor lies can have a romantic connection. B eginning with trust in relationships, Fletcher and Simpson’s 2000 journal article on the Ideal Standards Model discusses what components are necessary for the makings of a good relationship. In placing the ideas of truth and honesty into the loyalty category, it is evident that truth plays a vital role in a relationship. While one can argue that people show their devotion and commitment to one another by demonstrating continuous truth and honesty in a relationship, the question also arises of protecting feelings.... The Ideal Standards Model contains three categories of warmth-loyalty, vitality-attractiveness and status-resources. In placing the ideas of truth and honesty into the loyalty category, it is evident that truth plays a vital role in a relationship. While one can argue that people show their devotion and commitment to one another by demonstrating continuous truth and honesty in a relationship, the question also arises of protecting feelings. According to Fletcher and Simpson, showing your partner compassion and being attentive to their needs for respect and intimacy will increase the chances of a successful relationship. As part of this notion, one can argue that in showing respect for your partner you support them in whatever endeavor they are choosing to follow. In the cases of situations where opinions are not vitally important, such as choosing a movie, going to a concert or picking a new color for an upstairs bathroom, if one person in the relationship truly has their heart set o n one idea, is it really worth arguing over? According to Fletcher and Simpson, a couple in a successful relationship will take opportunities such as this to allow their partner to be happy by telling an insignificant white lie by just agreeing with their choice. As Fletcher and Simpson highlight the components of truth in a successful relationship, Charles Smith’s 2007 article concerning deception highlights its role within the context of a partnership. According to Smith, deception is something that can happen on multiple levels within our lives. We can be deceived by how we perceive things are connected or in the ways they may be mysterious. For example, we can deceive

Explain the causes of European exploration and analyze the changes Essay

Explain the causes of European exploration and analyze the changes this caused in the Americas - Essay Example Due to this, Europeans wanted to figure out alternative routes in order to decrease their cost of travelling and this led to the creation of a route to Asia which passed through the horn of Africa. Before the period of Exploration, the wealth of Europeans had declined as a result of wars and in order to obtain more wealth, Europeans started exploring other nations in search of commodity such as gold and goods to trade. Exploration conducted by Europeans even led to the development of technology used for sailing, this purpose led to the development of Portuguese caravel which assisted the Europeans to travel to the middle regions of the sea. One of the main aims of the European explorers was to spread the religion of Christianity in different regions such as Asia. The Europeans of that era were highly influenced by the Roman Catholic Church and they were indulged in spreading Christianity under this church. Exploration had a series of negative and positive impacts on the Americans. The most negative impact was the death of huge number of natives as result of diseases that transferred from the Europeans to the Americans and the wars that took place between the two societies and due to enslavement of the Americans. Christopher Columbus was the one who enslaved over 250,000 Arawaks and only a total of 500 of the enslaved ones lived alive by the period of 1550. During the 15th century, horses were imported into Americas and a huge number of these horses escaped into the wild regions where they increased in number due to reproduction and soon horses became a mode of transportation for the Northern American tribes and this travel instrument helped them in trading goods and services with other tribes. The diseases that came along with the Europeans and badly impacted the people of Americas were measles and chicken pox and these diseases proved to be deadly for the natives (Goldfield, 2011,

Short Run and Long Run Strategies in Business Essay

Short Run and Long Run Strategies in Business - Essay Example The short run is a period usually in which factors of capital other than labor are all fixed and cannot be changed, the short run for the shipping industry may be 3 years and the short run for a smaller business like handicrafts may be 6 months but generally the short run is considered to be one year. The ultimate goal for any company other than not for profit is to earn a considerable profit for its stakeholders but at times market conditions are such that this objective has to be kept behind and other strategies have to be pursued in order to meet the long-term objective of making a profit for all the people who are concerned with the business. Some of these environmental situations are explained below. At times in the face of strong competition that might threaten the business in the long run and the short run as well businesses tend to forget the objective of making a profit until they drive the competition out of the market, there are several strategies that a business could use for this. One of the most popular strategy that businesses use to drive out competition from the market is dumping, since the company which is just entering the market have higher production costs because of lower efficiency due to a variety of reasons such as not knowing the best suppliers and not having a reputation and a rapport would mean that costs for the company automatically are higher than a company which is already existent in the market. Hence established firms take advantage of this and start selling their products at well below their marginal costs, the new entrant into the market can ill afford that and is forced to move out of the market. When a firm deploys this strategy to drive competit ion out of the market, is it earning a profit on the products that it is selling? No, it is not, in fact, it is selling at a price lower than what it cost to produce one extra unit.

Data Model and Data Warehouse Design Architecture & XML Essay

Data Model and Data Warehouse Design Architecture & XML - Essay Example For the purpose of this scenario, the information sources are represented by these operational database systems which are actually relational databases, and are required to be integrated in the data warehouse. Every clinic has also a manager and a number of staff, such as, cleaners, nurses, and etc. Since, data warehouses are capable of handling server tasks connected to querying, therefore, the proposed implementation of data warehouse would support the company’s transactions systems to complete transactions within a desirable time frame by running the reports and queries on a server. Allow the users (company staff) to obtain reports and make queries efficiently as data warehouse gives the user control over the response time by storing the older data and the recent data in well-organized manner. Despite the fact that the company can enjoy many benefits from implementing the proposed implementation, there are some major drawbacks as well which are highlighted in another article at Exforsys (The disadvantages of a data warehouse, n.d.): Since, data warehouse contains historical data about a company’s transactions, the value of this information might be limited because the businesses operating in today’s market are in constant transition, and therefore, it may not be always worthy to use a historical data. The process of extracting, transforming, and loading data from the source systems in real-time can be one of the most challenging tasks for any data warehouse. The ETL process normally requires downtime of the data warehouse, and therefore, it is usually carried out late at night to avoid any inconvenience because users cannot access data warehouse during the process. However, there can’t be any system downtime when the data is being loaded continuously in real-time. Unfortunately, most of the traditional ETL tools and systems are incapable of supporting continuous updates in the data warehouse without

Final exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Final exam - Assignment Example The following diagram illustrates the model. Source of information The message Receiver Interactive models are another class of models of communication. Though achieving the same purpose of transmitting information from a sender to a receiver, the model recognizes active participation of the receiver through feedback. The model also identifies continuity in communication as the receiver becomes the secondary sender during feedback and the primary sender becomes a secondary receiver recognizes the role of the environment on communication. The model is also cyclic. The following diagram illustrates the modes. Field of experience Message Field of experience Encoder, source, decoder Decoder, receiver, encoder Feedback Another model of communication is the transactional model that recognizes the potential of simultaneous communication as opposed to the single directional scope of the linear model. The sender in the model is also the receiver at the same time. The transactional model also considers effects of time in communications. The following diagrams illustrate the model. Transactional model in an interpersonal communication Time Difference in context Transactional model in a mass communication Time Contextual difference (Wood 16, 17) Q2. ... Another link between communication and culture is the role of communication as an indicator of culture. Even though communication influence culture through facilitating sustainability, culture also shape people’s communication approaches. Differences in communication styles among people from different cultures show this. Consequently, communication forms a basis of identifying different cultures. Similarity in communication styles among people from the same culture can classify the society into communities while difference in communication within the communities can classify aspects such as behaviour. Indicator role of communication over culture helps in improving cross-cultural communication by bridging communication barriers. Another link between communication and culture is the role of communication if initiating and influencing cultural changes. One of the examples of this role of communication is in the development and spread of the hip-hop culture that emerged through mu sic artists and was communicated to influence the youth into the hip hop culture (Wood 159, 168). Some of the communication concepts that relate to culture are communication barrier and dynamism in communication amidst development in technologies (Wood 120). Culture defines a person’s environment and therefore contributes to situational barriers to communication. Cultural differences are an example. Culture also define norms, behaviour, and attitude that may consider some communication trends as immoral or complex and therefore offer resistance to advancement in communication (Wood 159). Q3. The first step in preparation for a speech is earning credibility from the audience and this is achieved through ensuring reliability